Changes of Materials

Science Year 5 Changing Materials

The Science Museum wants to expand its Science Kitchen education resource to include more exciting materials investigations. You have been selected to devise and write the materials to be included. You will need to carry out a range of investigations into the changes that occur to certain materials when they are heated, cooled and mixed with other materials to ensure your content is accurate and inspiring. Get your lab coats on - it’s going to get messy!

Session 1 Soluble solutions

Objectives

Dissolve into your first Science Museum commission by investigating soluble and non-soluble materials. Develop your initial education pack contributions and link them to an exclusive Pinterest board by creating your own QR code.

Science Objectives
i) Compare and group together everyday materials on the basis of their properties, including their solubility and response to magnets.

ii) Know that some materials will dissolve in liquid to form a solution.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Record data and results of increasing complexity using scientific diagrams and labels, tables and line graphs.
  3. Use test results to make predictions to set up further comparative and fair tests.
  4. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in written form.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the www offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use & combine software (including Internet services) to design and create content.

You Will Need

Provided Resources

  • Definitions game cards
  • Guidance & resources
  • Science Museum guidance
  • QR-code and Pinterest guidance
  • Sticky-note investigations resource

Additional Resources


Weblinks
Kitchen Science activity from https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk
How to create a QR code, Hertfordshire Grid for Learning from https://www.thegrid.org.uk
Add, edit or delete a board, Pinterest from https://help.pinterest.com
BBC clip on soluble and insoluble materials from https://www.bbc.co.uk

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Plan and carry out investigations into soluble materials.
  • Record and present methods, findings and further investigations in written form.

Activities

  1. Plan and carry out investigations into soluble materials.
  2. Record and present methods and findings in the form of a Science Museum education pack investigation.
  3. Create an investigation webpage, Pinterest board and a QR-code that links to the board.

Investigation - exploring
Compare properties of solids, liquids and gases.

Vocabulary
Variables, accuracy, precision, enquiry, solid, liquid, gas, dissolve, soluble, solute, solution, line graph

Session 2 Separation solutions

Objectives

Explore an array of methods to separate mixed materials back into their constituent parts. Write up your user friendly experiments to include in your education pack and Pinterest page.

Science Objectives
i) Compare and group together everyday materials on the basis of their properties, including their solubility and response to magnets.

ii) Know that some materials will dissolve in liquid to form a solution and describe how to recover a substance from a solution.

iii) Use knowledge of solids, liquids and gases to decide how mixtures might be separated, including through filtering, sieving and evaporating.

iv) Demonstrate that dissolving, mixing and changes of state are reversible changes.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Use test results to make predictions to set up further comparative and fair tests.
  3. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in written forms.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the web offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use and combine software (including internet services) to design and create content.

You Will Need

Provided Resources

  • Investigation guidance and separation equipment materials

Additional Resources

  • Sieves
  • Filters
  • Magnets
  • Hairdryer/candles
  • Water
  • Salt
  • Flour, rice and pasta
  • Filter coffee
  • Iron & brass paper clips
  • Access to Internet

Weblinks
Separating mixtures of substances from www.bbc.co.uk

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Plan and carry out investigations that attempt to separate mixed materials.
  • Record and present methods, findings and further investigations in written form.

Activities

  1. Investigate filtration, evaporation and sieving methods to separate materials.
  2. Record and present methods and findings in the form of a Science Museum education pack investigation.
  3. Create an investigation webpage and pin it to a Pinterest board.

Investigation - exploring
Investigate mixing materials.
Investigate separating materials.

Vocabulary
Variables, enquiry, soluble, insoluble, filter, sieve, magnet/ism, evaporation

Session 3 The chemistry of cooking

Objectives

Let’s hope it doesn’t get too hot in the kitchen as you investigate and explore the gourmet side to chemistry. Take an enquiry based approach to the science of baking bread and cakes, and explore the weird and wonderful world of eggs!

Science Objectives
i) Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, and that this kind of change is not usually reversible, including changes associated with burning and the action of acid on bicarbonate of soda.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Record results of increasing complexity using scientific diagrams and labels.
  3. Take measurements, using a range of scientific equipment, with increasing accuracy and precision, taking repeat readings when appropriate.
  4. Use test results to make predictions to set up further comparative and fair tests.
  5. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in written forms.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the www offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use and combine software (including Internet services) to design and create content.

You Will Need

Provided Resources

  • Baked goods ingredients list/images

Additional Resources

  • Yeast
  • Sugar
  • Baking powder
  • Vinegar
  • 1L plastic bottle
  • Balloons
  • Bread and cake ingredients
  • Jelly
  • Eggs
  • Access to cooking facilities
  • Access to the Internet
  • Video recording devices

Weblinks
Blow up a balloon with yeast from https://sciencebob.com

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Plan and carry out irreversible cooking investigations that may create some new materials.
  • Record and present methods, findings and further investigations in written form.

Activities

  1. Cook and bake noting the irreversible changes that occur.
  2. Plan and carry out investigations into the impact of certain ingredients on an end product.
  3. Create an investigation webpage with an embedded video and pin it to a Pinterest board.

Vocabulary
Variables, accuracy, precision, enquiry, new material, not usually reversible, gas given off, degree of trust

Session 4 Oxidation sensation

Objectives

Some changes in materials can’t be reversed and they can produce new materials in the process. Immerse yourself in the world of oxidisation and observe how rust is formed and how apples spoil when cut open – can you prolong your apple’s shelf life or is it all looking brown?

Science Objectives
i) Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, and that this kind of change is not usually reversible, including changes associated with burning and the action of acid on bicarbonate of soda.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Record data and results of increasing complexity using scientific diagrams and labels, and tables.
  3. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in oral and written forms such as displays and other presentations.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the www offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use and combine software (including internet services) to design and create content.

You Will Need

Provided Resources

  • Investigation guidance/enquiry questions
  • Observation/recording tables (for less able)

Additional Resources

  • An old, rusty roasting tray (or image provided)
  • Range of liquids and nail types (see tables)
  • Apples
  • Lemon juice
  • Salt
  • Sugar
  • Vitamin C tablets
  • Access to the Internet/photographic equipment.

Weblinks
Changing materials: rust from www.bbc.co.uk
What is rust? from www.bbc.co.uk

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Plan and carry out oxidation investigations.
  • Observe and record oxidation reactions over time.

Activities

  1. Plan and carry out investigations into the impact of certain ingredients on an end product.
  2. Record observations through photographs.
  3. Create a whole class investigation webpage with photo observations and pin it to a Pinterest board.

Vocabulary
Opinion/fact, variables, accuracy, precision, scatter graphs, material names, property names, enquiry

Session 5 The chemistry kitchen

Objectives

Learn about some chemists who have invented very useful new materials and have fun creating new materials. Find out about brand new materials that are still in the development phase of their life.

Science Objectives
i) Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, and that this kind of change is not usually reversible, including changes associated with burning and the action of acid on bicarbonate of soda.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in oral and written forms such as displays and other presentations.
  3. Identify scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or arguments.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the www offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use and combine software (including internet services) on a range of digital devices to design and create content.

Extended Writing Opportunities
Biography: Research key information about some chemists who have invented very useful new materials and write short biographies for a class hall of fame.
Argument and debate: Take part in a balloon debate and argue why your particular materials chemist should survive the trip.

You Will Need

Provided Resources

  • Instructions for making goo
  • Research guidance

Additional Resources

  • Tablets/laptops and Internet access
  • Liquid laundry starch
  • PVA glue
  • Mixing bowl
  • Spoon
  • Airtight containers

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Complete research on new materials and their uses.
  • Apply knowledge of materials as they create a new substance.

Activities

  1. Create their own ‘new’ gooey material.
  2. Know about some famous materials inventors.
  3. Research and record information about new materials and their possible uses.

Investigation - exploring
Make new materials.
Investigate irreversible changes.

Vocabulary
Opinion/fact, variables, accuracy, precision, enquiry, new materials

Session 6 Science fair - Audience testing

Objectives

Get your colourful lab coats on and invite some potential ‘clients’ to try out your education pack - share your Pinterest page and show them your investigating eggs video. Is your Education pack ready for the Science Museum or does it still need a few ‘changes’?!

Science Objectives
i) Compare and group together everyday materials on the basis of their properties, including their solubility and response to magnets.

ii) Know that some materials will dissolve in liquid to form a solution, and describe how to recover a substance from a solution.

iii) Use knowledge of solids, liquids and gases to decide how mixtures might be separated, including through filtering, sieving and evaporating.

iv) Demonstrate that dissolving, mixing and changes of state are reversible changes.

v) Explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, and that this kind of change is not usually reversible, including changes associated with burning and the action of acid on bicarbonate of soda.

Working Scientifically

  1. Plan different types of scientific enquiries to answer questions, including recognising and controlling variables where necessary.
  2. Take measurements, using a range of scientific equipment, with increasing accuracy and precision, taking repeat readings when appropriate.
  3. Report and present findings from enquiries, including conclusions, causal relationships and explanations of and degree of trust in results, in oral and written forms such as displays and other presentations.
  4. Identify scientific evidence that has been used to support or refute ideas or arguments.

Other Curriculum Areas
Computing

  • Understand the opportunities that the www offers for communication and collaboration. Select, use and combine software (including internet services) on a range of digital devices to design & create content.

Extended Writing Opportunities
Information text: Write a report of your methods and findings for the Science Museum

You Will Need

Additional Resources

  • Range of investigation equipment (based on children’s needs)
  • Laptops/tablets and Internet access
  • ‘Lab coats’

Lesson Planning

Teaching

  • Set up and run a range of materials investigations.
  • Share knowledge and understanding of materials and the scientific process.

Activities

  1. Set up a series of materials investigations.
  2. Support visitors as they take part in a range of materials investigations.
  3. Showcase their education packs to an audience.

Investigation - pattern seeking
Present findings in the form of an education pack for the Science Museum.

Vocabulary
Opinion/fact, variables, accuracy, precision, enquiry, solution, soluble, insoluble, new material, gives off gas, mixture, reversible, irreversible, evaporation, sieving, filtering, magnets, heating, burning, cooking, reaction